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Atmospheric heterogeneous reaction of chlorobenzene on mineral -FeO particulates: a chamber experiment study

Frontiers of Environmental Science & Engineering 2023, Volume 17, Issue 11, doi: 10.1007/s11783-023-1734-9

Abstract:

● Photochemical conversion of chlorobenzene (CB) on α-Fe2

Keywords： Photochemical conversion     Chlorobenzene     α-Fe2O3     PCDD/Fs     Mineral particulate    

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Surface modification of biomaterials by photochemical immobilization and photograft polymerization to

Yakai FENG, Haiyang ZHAO, Li ZHANG, Jintang GUO,

Frontiers of Chemical Science and Engineering 2010, Volume 4, Issue 3,   Pages 372-381 doi: 10.1007/s11705-010-0005-z

Abstract: progresses and strategies to improve the hemocompatibility of biomaterials by surface modification using photochemical

Keywords： biomimetic amphiphilic     amphiphilic phosphorylcholine     endothelial     functional     biomaterial    

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Identification of sources, characteristics and photochemical transformations of dissolved organic matter

Frontiers of Environmental Science & Engineering 2021, Volume 15, Issue 5, doi: 10.1007/s11783-020-1340-z

Abstract:

• The source of DOM in surface water and sediment is inconsistent.

Keywords： Dissolved organic matter     Parallel factor analysis     Excitation-emission matrices     Photodegradation    

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Photochemical indicators of ozone sensitivity: application in the Pearl River Delta, China

Lyumeng Ye,Xuemei Wang,Shaofeng Fan,Weihua Chen,Ming Chang,Shengzhen Zhou,Zhiyong Wu,Qi Fan

Frontiers of Environmental Science & Engineering 2016, Volume 10, Issue 6, doi: 10.1007/s11783-016-0887-1

Abstract: The distribution of NO - and VOC-sensitive regimes in the PRD are identified. The effectiveness of six popular chemical indicators for discriminating O sensitivity regimes is evaluated. Threshold levels for HCHO/NO , H O /HNO , O /NO , O /NO , O /HNO were derived and verified. The indicators H O /HNO and H O /NO performed best and maintained relatively stable threshold levels. Surface O production has a highly nonlinear relationship with its precursors. The spatial and temporal heterogeneity of O -NO -VOC-sensitivity regimes complicates the control- decision making. In this paper, the indicator method was used to establish the relationship between O sensitivity and assessment indicators. Six popular ratios indicating ozone-precursor sensitivity, HCHO/NO , H O /HNO , O /NO , O /NO , O /HNO , and H O /NO , were evaluated based on the distribution of NO - and VOC-sensitive regimes. WRF-Chem was used to study a serious ozone episode in fall over the Pearl River Delta (PRD). It was found that the south-west of the PRD is characterized by a VOC-sensitive regime, while its north-east is NO -sensitive, with a sharp transition area between the two regimes. All indicators produced good representations of the elevated ozone hours in the episode on 6 November 2009, with H O /HNO being the best indicator. The threshold sensitivity levels for HCHO/NO , H O /HNO , O /NO , O /NO , O /HNO , and H O /NO were estimated to be 0.41, 0.55, 10.2, 14.0, 19.1, and 0.38, respectively. Threshold intervals for the indicators H O /HNO , O /NO , O /NO , O /HNO , and H O /NO were able to identify more than 95% of VOC- and NO -sensitive grids. The ozone episode on 16 November 16 2008 was used to independently verify the results, and it was found that only H O /HNO and H O /NO were able to differentiate the ozone sensitivity regime well. Hence, these two ratios are suggested as the most appropriate indicators for identifying fall ozone sensitivity in the PRD. Since the species used for indicators have seasonal variation, the utility of those indicators for other seasons should be investigated in the future work.

Keywords： Ozone     Pearl River Delta (PRD)     Sensitivity regime     Photochemical indicator     Threshold levels    

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Hydrogel photocatalysts for efficient energy conversion and environmental treatment

Frontiers in Energy 2021, Volume 15, Issue 3,   Pages 577-595 doi: 10.1007/s11708-021-0756-x

Abstract: Moreover, current applications of hydrogel photocatalysts in energy conversion and environmental remediation

Keywords： hydrogel     photocatalysts     energy conversion     environmental treatment    

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Biological conversion pathways of sulfate reduction ammonium oxidation in anammox consortia

Zhen Bi, Deqing Wanyan, Xiang Li, Yong Huang

Frontiers of Environmental Science & Engineering 2020, Volume 14, Issue 3, doi: 10.1007/s11783-019-1217-1

Abstract: AOB and AnAOB are mainly responsible for ammonium conversion.Heterotrophic sulfate reduction mainly contributed to sulfate conversion.Results obtained differed largely for the conversion mole ratios (ammonium/sulfate), and even the intermediateThus, the hypothesis of biological conversion pathways of ammonium and sulfate in anammox consortia isdifferent biomass proportions to verify the SRAO phenomena and identify possible pathways behind substrate conversion

Keywords： Anammox bacteria     Autotrophic     Biological conversion     Sulfate reducing ammonium oxidation (SRAO)    

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Sustainable conversion regenerated cellulose into cellulose oleate by sonochemistry

Frontiers of Chemical Science and Engineering 2023, Volume 17, Issue 8,   Pages 1096-1108 doi: 10.1007/s11705-023-2317-9

Abstract: Derivatization has great potential for the high-value utilization of cellulose by enhancing its processability and functionality. However, due to the low reactivity of natural cellulose, it remains challenging to rapidly prepare cellulose derivatives with high degrees of substitution. The “cavitation effect” of ultrasound can reduce the particle size and crystalline index of cellulose, which provides a possible method for preparing cellulose derivatives. Herein, a feasible method was proposed for efficiently converting regenerated cellulose to cellulose oleate with the assistance of ultrasonic treatment. By adjusting the reaction conditions including ultrasonic intensity, feeding ratios of oleic acid, reaction time, and reaction solvent, a series of cellulose oleates with degrees of substitution ranging from 0.37 to 1.71 were synthesized. Additionally, the effects of different reaction conditions on the chemical structures, crystalline structures, and thermal behaviors were investigated thoroughly. Cellulose oleates with degrees of substitution exceeding 1.23 exhibited amorphous structures and thermoplasticity with glass transition temperatures at 159.8 to 172.6 °C. This study presented a sustainable and practicable method for effectively derivatizing cellulose.

Keywords： regenerated cellulose     cellulose oleate     sonochemistry     degree of substitution     thermoplasticity    

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Dynamic contribution of variable-speed wind energy conversion system in system frequency regulation

Yajvender Pal VERMA, Ashwani KUMAR

Frontiers in Energy 2012, Volume 6, Issue 2,   Pages 184-192 doi: 10.1007/s11708-012-0185-y

Abstract: Frequency regulation in a generation mix having large wind power penetration is a critical issue, as wind units isolate from the grid during disturbances with advanced power electronics controllers and reduce equivalent system inertia. Thus, it is important that wind turbines also contribute to system frequency control. This paper examines the dynamic contribution of doubly fed induction generator (DFIG)-based wind turbine in system frequency regulation. The modified inertial support scheme is proposed which helps the DFIG to provide the short term transient active power support to the grid during transients and arrests the fall in frequency. The frequency deviation is considered by the controller to provide the inertial control. An additional reference power output is used which helps the DFIG to release kinetic energy stored in rotating masses of the turbine. The optimal speed control parameters have been used for the DFIG to increases its participation in frequency control. The simulations carried out in a two-area interconnected power system demonstrate the contribution of the DFIG in load frequency control.

Keywords： doubly fed induction generator (DFIG)     load frequency control     inertial control     wind energy conversion    

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Micro/nanofluidics-enabled energy conversion and its implemented devices

Yang YANG, Jing LIU

Frontiers in Energy 2011, Volume 5, Issue 3,   Pages 270-287 doi: 10.1007/s11708-010-0126-6

Abstract: The fluids in nature serve as the most common carriers and media in the energy conversion process.Following the rapid development of microelectromechanical systems (MEMS) technology, the energy supply and conversionIn this paper, a series of micro/nanofluid-enabled energy conversion devices is reviewed based on theto the establishment of a comprehensive and systematic structure in the relationship between energy conversion

Keywords： micro/nanofluid     different energy forms     energy conversion     medium role    

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Conversion of polyethylene to gasoline: Influence of porosity and acidity of zeolites

Frontiers in Energy   Pages 763-774 doi: 10.1007/s11708-023-0897-1

Abstract: Zeolites are cheap and stable, but they are usually not efficient for plastic conversion at a low temperaturewere used to study the influence of porosity and acidity of zeolite on catalytic activity for plastics conversionThis study provides very useful information for designing zeolites for efficient conversion of plastics

Keywords： plastics conversion     polyethylene     zeolites     acidity     porosity    

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Gold modified cobalt-based Fischer-Tropsch catalysts for conversion of synthesis gas to liquid fuels

Alan J. McCue, Jura Aponaviciute, Richard P.K. Wells, James A. Anderson

Frontiers of Chemical Science and Engineering 2013, Volume 7, Issue 3,   Pages 262-269 doi: 10.1007/s11705-013-1334-5

Abstract: The addition of Au as a promoter/modifier for alumina supported Co catalyst has been studied by combined high temperature, high pressure Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) and on-line gas chromatography. The combination of these tools permitted the state of the active catalyst surface to be monitored while following the elution of reaction products during the first 5–7 h on stream of the catalyst. The catalysts under study were a 10%Co/Al O and a 2.5%Au/10%Co/Al O Samples were characterised before use using Raman and temperature programmed reduction (TPR). During the initial stages of reaction, hydrocarbons were built up on the surface of the catalyst as monitored by FTIR and the nature and amount of these species were assessed in terms of CH /CH ratio and the density of these alkyl fragments by employing absorption coefficients for the individual components. The nature and reducibility of the Co particles were modified by the presence of Au while the later also shifted the CO/H balance by acting as an effective water-gas shift catalyst during the early stages of reaction. This characteristic was lost during reaction as a consequence of redistribution of the two metallic phases.

Keywords： gold modified catalyst     conversion of synthesis gas    

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A review on front end conversion in ocean wave energy converters

Nagulan SANTHOSH,Venkatesan BASKARAN,Arunachalam AMARKARTHIK

Frontiers in Energy 2015, Volume 9, Issue 3,   Pages 297-310 doi: 10.1007/s11708-015-0370-x

Abstract: of the wave energy converter among other stages such as power take off (PTO) and electrical energy conversionIf the recent development of these front end energy conversion is well known then developing wave energyThe aim of this review is to provide information on front end energy conversion of a point absorber and

Keywords： wave energy converter     point absorbers     power take off (PTO)     front end energy conversion    

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Co anchored on porphyrinic triazine-based frameworks with excellent biocompatibility for conversion of

Frontiers of Chemical Science and Engineering 2022, Volume 16, Issue 12,   Pages 1761-1771 doi: 10.1007/s11705-022-2195-6

Abstract: Microbial electrosynthesis is a promising alternative to directly convert CO2 into long-chain compounds by coupling inorganic electrocatalysis with biosynthetic systems. However, problems arose that the conventional electrocatalysts for hydrogen evolution may produce extensive by-products of reactive oxygen species and cause severe metal leaching, both of which induce strong toxicity toward microorganisms. Moreover, poor stability of electrocatalysts cannot be qualified for long-term operation. These problems may result in poor biocompatibility between electrocatalysts and microorganisms. To solve the bottleneck problem, Co anchored on porphyrinic triazine-based frameworks was synthesized as the electrocatalyst for hydrogen evolution and further coupled with Cupriavidus necator H16. It showed high selectivity for a four-electron pathway of oxygen reduction reaction and low production of reactive oxygen species, owing to the synergistic effect of Co–Nx modulating the charge distribution and adsorption energy of intermediates. Additionally, low metal leaching and excellent stability were observed, which may be attributed to low content of Co and the stabilizing effect of metalloporphyrins. Hence, the electrocatalyst exhibited excellent biocompatibility. Finally, the microbial electrosynthesis system equipped with the electrocatalyst successfully converted CO2 to poly-β-hydroxybutyrate. This work drew up a novel strategy for enhancing the biocompatibility of electrocatalysts in microbial electrosynthesis system.

Keywords： electrosynthesis     hydrogen evolution reaction     metalloporphyrins     biocompatibility     CO2 conversion    

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NO conversion by positive streamer discharge—effects of gas compositions and reaction conditions

HE Wei, ZHU Tianle, LI Jing

Frontiers of Environmental Science & Engineering 2007, Volume 1, Issue 2,   Pages 153-158 doi: 10.1007/s11783-007-0027-z

Abstract: The effects of gas compositions and reaction conditions on NO conversion by positive streamer dischargeThe results showed that NO conversion increased w

Keywords： conversion     streamer discharge     wheel-cylinder     positive streamer    

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Efficient conversion of lignin to alkylphenols over highly stable inverse spinel MnFeO catalysts

Frontiers of Chemical Science and Engineering 2023, Volume 17, Issue 8,   Pages 1085-1095 doi: 10.1007/s11705-022-2236-1

Abstract: The conversion of lignin reached 94%, and the selectivity of alkylphenols exceeded 90% after 5 h at 250

Keywords： lignin depolymerization     spinel     catalysts     hydrogenation    

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Title Author Date Type Operation

Atmospheric heterogeneous reaction of chlorobenzene on mineral -FeO particulates: a chamber experiment study

Journal Article

Surface modification of biomaterials by photochemical immobilization and photograft polymerization to

Yakai FENG, Haiyang ZHAO, Li ZHANG, Jintang GUO,

Journal Article

Identification of sources, characteristics and photochemical transformations of dissolved organic matter

Journal Article

Photochemical indicators of ozone sensitivity: application in the Pearl River Delta, China

Lyumeng Ye,Xuemei Wang,Shaofeng Fan,Weihua Chen,Ming Chang,Shengzhen Zhou,Zhiyong Wu,Qi Fan

Journal Article

Hydrogel photocatalysts for efficient energy conversion and environmental treatment

Journal Article

Biological conversion pathways of sulfate reduction ammonium oxidation in anammox consortia

Zhen Bi, Deqing Wanyan, Xiang Li, Yong Huang

Journal Article

Sustainable conversion regenerated cellulose into cellulose oleate by sonochemistry

Journal Article

Dynamic contribution of variable-speed wind energy conversion system in system frequency regulation

Yajvender Pal VERMA, Ashwani KUMAR

Journal Article

Micro/nanofluidics-enabled energy conversion and its implemented devices

Yang YANG, Jing LIU

Journal Article

Conversion of polyethylene to gasoline: Influence of porosity and acidity of zeolites

Journal Article

Gold modified cobalt-based Fischer-Tropsch catalysts for conversion of synthesis gas to liquid fuels

Alan J. McCue, Jura Aponaviciute, Richard P.K. Wells, James A. Anderson

Journal Article

A review on front end conversion in ocean wave energy converters

Nagulan SANTHOSH,Venkatesan BASKARAN,Arunachalam AMARKARTHIK

Journal Article

Co anchored on porphyrinic triazine-based frameworks with excellent biocompatibility for conversion of

Journal Article

NO conversion by positive streamer discharge—effects of gas compositions and reaction conditions

HE Wei, ZHU Tianle, LI Jing

Journal Article

Efficient conversion of lignin to alkylphenols over highly stable inverse spinel MnFeO catalysts

Journal Article